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塑料(liao)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵(zha)的(de)(de)(de)生產工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝塑料(liao)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵(zha)是以聚烯(xi)烴（一般為(wei)高(gao)密度(du)聚乙(yi)烯(xi)、聚丙(bing)烯(xi)或(huo)高(gao)密度(du)聚乙(yi)烯(xi)/聚丙(bing)烯(xi)共混物(wu)）為(wei)主(zhu)要(yao)原料(liao)，經混合、擠出成(cheng)板材(cai)，再經沖(chong)孔、預熱(re)、拉(la)(la)伸(shen)、冷(leng)卻定型等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序而制成(cheng)，可分為(wei)單向拉(la)(la)伸(shen)和(he)雙向拉(la)(la)伸(shen)土(tu)(tu)格(ge)柵(zha)，其(qi)(qi)生產工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝流程如所(suo)示，從可看出，塑料(liao)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵(zha)的(de)(de)(de)每延米屈服拉(la)(la)力已接(jie)近(jin)于(yu)軟鋼。土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵(zha)埋人土(tu)(tu)中的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)拔(ba)力因格(ge)柵(zha)與(yu)土(tu)(tu)體之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)咬合力較(jiao)強而顯著增大（見）。由可知(zhi)，塑料(liao)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵(zha)的(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)(kang)拔(ba)力遠(yuan)優于(yu)鋼帶和(he)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)織物(wu)C 2.3耐候性(xing)及長期性(xing)能塑料(liao)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵(zha)主(zhu)要(yao)由聚乙(yi)烯(xi)（或(huo)聚丙(bing)烯(xi)）、穩(wen)(wen)定劑、抗(kang)(kang)氧劑、紫(zi)外光屏蔽劑等(deng)構成(cheng)，從聚乙(yi)烯(xi)和(he)聚丙(bing)烯(xi)的(de)(de)(de)微觀結構來看，其(qi)(qi)水蒸汽(qi)透過(guo)率非常(chang)低。研究發現，兩者對酸、堿、鹽等(deng)都異常(chang)穩(wen)(wen)定，因此，塑料(liao)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵(zha)具有(you)優異的(de)(de)(de)耐候性(xing)和(he)長期穩(wen)(wen)定性(xing)。

　　表1塑料(liao)(liao)土(tu)工(gong)格柵(zha)的應用效果項目路床(chuang)厚/cm鋪(pu)土(tu)工(gong)格柵(zha)未(wei)鋪(pu)土(tu)工(gong)格柵(zha)30603060車轍深度/cm9-156 ~8行車很難9-12zui大變(bian)形值/mm8.715*變(bian)形值/mm1.92.5zui大密實度/%80-8585-8960-7078一塑料(liao)(liao)土(tu)工(gong)格柵(zha)；2―鋼帶；3―土(tu)工(gong)織物幾種材料(liao)(liao)埋入土(tu)中的抗拔力3塑料(liao)(liao)土(tu)工(gong)格柵(zha)在土(tu)木(mu)工(gong)程中的應用塑料(liao)(liao)土(tu)工(gong)格柵(zha)除具有上(shang)述特性外，還具有良(liang)好的力學性能(neng)、較高的剛度和韌(ren)性等，因(yin)而得到(dao)了廣泛的應用。

　　軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)增(zeng)強(qiang)在(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)木T.程(cheng)中經(jing)(jing)常會遇到在(zai)軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)上(shang)筑(zhu)路或(huo)筑(zhu)堤壩。由于(yu)填(tian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)側向土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壓(ya)力，使(shi)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)面承受水平剪(jian)切(qie)力，導致堤身向兩側位移，很容(rong)易造成(cheng)堤身失穩。一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)處理方法(fa)是(shi)換土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)或(huo)在(zai)軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)上(shang)再鋪一層礫石或(huo)碎(sui)石后壓(ya)實(shi)。但換土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)法(fa)費工(gong)(gong)費料(liao)、不(bu)經(jing)(jing)濟，而(er)(er)(er)鋪筑(zhu)礫石或(huo)碎(sui)石后壓(ya)實(shi)，粒料(liao)被(bei)擠壓(ya)人軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中，降低了材料(liao)強(qiang)度，且路面在(zai)行(xing)車作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下會出現沉陷現象t如果(guo)把塑料(liao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)(zha)直接鋪設在(zai)軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)上(shang)，再鋪粒料(liao)基(ji)層，這(zhe)樣不(bu)但能(neng)保(bao)證粒料(liao)與基(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)不(bu)相混，而(er)(er)(er)且由于(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)(zha)與粒料(liao)間咬合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)加強(qiang)，使(shi)基(ji)層拉伸強(qiang)度提高，從而(er)(er)(er)改善了軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)承載(zai)能(neng)力。日本住(zhu)友(you)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)有限(xian)公(gong)司在(zai)川口-巖枧高速公(gong)路東(dong)北路段的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設中有4 75km長的(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)路是(shi)在(zai)軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)上(shang)鋪設土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)(zha)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，并進行(xing)了試驗與測試工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，其應(ying)用(yong)效果(guo)見表(biao)(biao)1c表(biao)(biao)1的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)效果(guo)表(biao)(biao)明，鋪設土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)(zha)可減小車轍深度33%、zui大變(bian)形值42%、*變(bian)形值24%，增(zeng)大密實(shi)度14%另(ling)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)例子，還有英國(guo)倫敦(dun)郊區的(de)(de)(de)(de)路基(ji)加固(gu)、日本成(cheng)田機場(chang)公(gong)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)加固(gu)，以及我國(guo)六盤山市環城干(gan)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)軟(ruan)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)加固(gu)、焦柳鐵路復線的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)基(ji)加固(gu)等工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，都取得了較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)。

　　加(jia)固公(gong)路(lu)路(lu)面(mian)塑(su)(su)料(liao)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)(zha)對(dui)公(gong)路(lu)路(lu)基土(tu)料(liao)顆(ke)粒的(de)(de)約束(shu)作用(yong)可有(you)效(xiao)地將載(zai)荷分配(pei)到更寬的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上，同(tong)時還可提(ti)高基層承載(zai)往復(fu)載(zai)荷的(de)(de)能力，降(jiang)低(di)往復(fu)載(zai)荷對(dui)基層所產生的(de)(de)泵吸作用(yong)，減(jian)少路(lu)面(mian)裂紋和車轍等(deng)現象，降(jiang)低(di)養護成本(ben)，使路(lu)基具有(you)優(you)良(liang)'性能。加(jia)拿大皇家軍事學院曾對(dui)模擬(ni)的(de)(de)路(lu)面(mian)進(jin)行過試驗研究，結果表明，塑(su)(su)料(liao)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)(zha)加(jia)筋(jin)結構可使路(lu)面(mian)服(fu)務壽命提(ti)高2倍。我國重慶市南岸區四公(gong)里(li)支馬路(lu)路(lu)面(mian)采用(yong)了塑(su)(su)料(liao)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)格柵(zha)(zha)加(jia)固，不僅施工(gong)(gong)(gong)簡便(bian)，路(lu)基性能優(you)良(liang)，而且經濟效(xiao)益顯著，竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)幾年來，運營效(xiao)益良(liang)好。